Introduction

The US School Garden Army (USGA) was a program started during WWI by the federal Bureau of Education and funded by the War Department. Through the program, over 1.5 million students ages 9-15 were organized into military-style hierarchical “companies,” given badges, and guided through raising food for their communities. The program aligned with other programs and propaganda that emphasized the importance of saving food for the war effort. The motto of the program was “a garden for every child, every child in a garden.”  My primary research objective was to determine how the US School Garden Army affected the civic role of children in the national community during its tenure in the early 20th century. I explored this through analysis of primary documents like government propaganda materials (pamphlets, posters, etc), informational and instructional materials distributed by the Bureau of Education, and US Census data. I also used research articles written by geographers, historians, and sociologists.

Recruitment poster published by the US Bureau of Education. Source: USDA National Agricultural Library.