“Dealing With Delinquency” in 1880 – 1940

Literature:

Agyepong, T. E. (2018). The Criminalization of Black Children: Race, Gender, and Delinquency in Chicago’s Juvenile Justice System, 1899–1945. University of North Carolina Press. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5149/9781469634012_agyepong

BUSH, E. N. (2023). For the Protection of Our Children: The 1922 “Children’s Code” and the Expansion of the Commonwealth’s Eugenic Surveillance Authority. The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, 131(3), 198–230. https://www.jstor.org/stable/48737654

Platt, A. M., & Chávez-García, M. (2009). The child savers: The invention of delinquency. Rutgers University Press.

Sealander, J. (2003). The Failed Century of the Child: Governing America’s Young in the Twentieth Century. Cambridge University Press.

Sutton, J. R. (1985). The Juvenile Court and Social Welfare: Dynamics of Progressive Reform. Law & Society Review, 19(1), 107–145. https://doi.org/10.2307/3053396

Wolcott, D. (2001). “The Cop Will Get You”: The Police and Discretionary Juvenile Justice, 1890-1940. Journal of Social History, 35(2), 349–371. http://www.jstor.org/stable/3790192

Primary Sources:

Annual report of the board of city magistrates of the City of New York, (First Division) c.1 v.22 1895. HathiTrust. (n.d.-a).

https://hdl.handle.net/2027/chi.098220212urlappend=%3Bseq=44%3Bownerid=13510798902993963-48

Annual report of the children’s village to the legislature of the state and to the Board of Aldermen of the City of New York for the year . 1897 1897. HathiTrust. (n.d.-b).

https://hdl.handle.net/2027/osu.32435063624449

Annual report of the children’s village to the legislature of the state and to the Board of Aldermen of the City of New York for the year . 1905 1905. HathiTrust. (n.d.-b).

https://hdl.handle.net/2027/osu.32435063624092

Annual report of the children’s village to the legislature of the state and to the Board of Aldermen of the City of New York for the year . 1920 1920. HathiTrust. (n.d.-b).

https://hdl.handle.net/2027/osu.32435063624084

Social Explorer Census Maps:

Age 5 to 20: Black, 1900. Social Explorer, (based on data from Digitally transcribed by Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. Edited, verified by Michael Haines. Compiled, edited and verified by Social Explorer.; accessed 5 December 2024 at 18:44:35 GMT-5).

https://www.socialexplorer.com/ce746d8198/view

Black, 1920. Social Explorer, (based on data from Digitally transcribed by Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. Edited, verified by Michael Haines. Compiled, edited and verified by Social Explorer.; accessed 5 December 2024 at 18:47:24 GMT-5).

https://www.socialexplorer.com/a42cd82299/view

Images in Blog:

Annual report of the children’s village to the legislature of the state and to the Board of Aldermen of the City of New York for the year . 1897 1897. HathiTrust. (n.d.-b).

https://hdl.handle.net/2027/osu.32435063624449urlappend=%3Bseq=91%3Bownerid=13510798902852082-97

Annual report of the children’s village to the legislature of the state and to the Board of Aldermen of the City of New York for the year . 1916 1916. HathiTrust. (n.d.-b).

https://hdl.handle.net/2027/osu.32435063624282urlappend=%3Bseq=59%3Bownerid=13510798902900876-63

https://hdl.handle.net/2027/osu.32435063624282urlappend=%3Bseq=73%3Bownerid=13510798902900876-77

Annual report of the children’s village to the legislature of the state and to the Board of Aldermen of the City of New York for the year . 1918 1918. HathiTrust. (n.d.-b).

https://hdl.handle.net/2027/osu.32435063624183urlappend=%3Bseq=15%3Bownerid=13510798902900901-19

https://hdl.handle.net/2027/osu.32435063624183urlappend=%3Bseq=49%3Bownerid=13510798902900901-53

Hine, L. W. (1909). Swiping Behind the Cop’s Back. Boston 1915 Exhibit. Location: Boston, Massachusetts. photograph, Boston, Massachusetts. Swiping Behind the Cop’s Back. Boston 1915 Exhibit. Location: Boston, Massachusetts.

Hine, L. (1910). Juvenile Court. Small boy who is habitual truant. A street boy. Thursday, May 5, 1910. Location: St. Louis, Missouri. photograph, St. Louis, Missouri. Juvenile Court. Small boy who is habitual truant. A street boy. Thursday, May 5, 1910. Location: St. Louis, Missouri.

Images in StoryMapJS:

Annual report of the children’s village to the legislature of the state and to the Board of Aldermen of the City of New York for the year . 1897 1897. HathiTrust. (n.d.-b).

https://hdl.handle.net/2027/osu.32435063624449urlappend=%3Bseq=73%3Bownerid=13510798902852082-79

https://hdl.handle.net/2027/osu.32435063624449urlappend=%3Bseq=127%3Bownerid=13510798902852082-133

Bracklow , R. L., & Alland, A. (n.d.). The New York Juvenile Asylum, W. 177th St. and St. Nicholas Avenue, New York City, undated (ca. 1890-1906). photograph. The New York Juvenile Asylum, W. 177th St. and St. Nicholas Avenue, New York City, undated (ca. 1890-1906). | DCMNY

Evans, W. (1938). New York, New York. 61st Street between 1st and 3rd Avenues. Children playing in the street. photograph, New York, New York . New York, New York. 61st Street between 1st and 3rd Avenues. Children playing in the street – digital file from original neg. | Library of Congress

Miller, T. (2012, December 7). The 1916 children’s courthouse — 137 e. 22d street. The 1916 Children’s Courthouse — 137 E. 22d Street. https://daytoninmanhattan.blogspot.com/2012/12/the-1916-childrens-courthouse-137-e-22d.html