Data and Analysis

1939 Survey, Don Zemlock

StateAnswerWhereBy whom
AlabamaNo
ArizonaYesCity Pool School Instructor
Connecticut YesYMCASchool Instructor
DelawareYesYMCASchool Instructor
FloridaYesCity PoolSchool Instructor
GeorgiaYesYMCASchool Instructor
IdahoYesYMCASchool Instructor
IllinoisYesYMCA
IndianaYesYMCA
KansasYesYMCA and YWCA, Public Pools
LouisianaYesYMCAAmerican Red Cross
MarylandYesYMCAAmerican Red Cross
MassachusettsYesYMCA and ClubsParks Department
MichiganYes Lakes
MississippiYesSpecial ArrangementsPE Department
Montana No
New JerseyYesYMCA and City PoolsPrivate Instructor
New YorkYesPublic BathsPE
Oregon YesCity PoolsCommunity Instructor
South Carolina No
Texas YesCity Pool, Junior High SchoolAmerican Red Cross, PE Instructor
HawaiiYesYMCA, YWCA, NatatoriumsPE Teachers, Swimming Directors
If a state is missing, that state did not respond to Zemlock’s survey. Hawaii is included even though it was not a state at the time.

This is a map made on social explorer, it shows the percentage of housing units who reported having water in the 1940 census. It can be extrapolated that the units that did not have water in their homes would have to find an alternate way to clean themselves and thus relied more on outdoor water sources or public bathing areas.