{"id":1979,"date":"2019-05-29T07:07:17","date_gmt":"2019-05-29T11:07:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/si-mba\/?p=1979"},"modified":"2019-05-28T15:08:12","modified_gmt":"2019-05-28T19:08:12","slug":"an-invisible-problem-and-unrealized-opportunity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/si-mba\/2019\/05\/29\/an-invisible-problem-and-unrealized-opportunity\/","title":{"rendered":"An Invisible Problem and Unrealized Opportunity"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em>This post was written by Andre Paul &#8217;19<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The \u201cPains\u201d of a Sustainable Innovation MBA Student<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Capacities of time and energy fill up rather quickly for Sustainable Innovation MBA (SI-MBA) students, especially during finals week (and there are roughly eight finals weeks, or two per module, by my count). During the busiest weeks of SI-MBA, workload quickly outpaces recovery, mental health declines, and so does learning, in my estimation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/si-mba\/files\/2019\/05\/aaron-burden-330165-unsplash-1024x771.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1980\" width=\"372\" height=\"279\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/si-mba\/files\/2019\/05\/aaron-burden-330165-unsplash-1024x771.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/si-mba\/files\/2019\/05\/aaron-burden-330165-unsplash-300x226.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/si-mba\/files\/2019\/05\/aaron-burden-330165-unsplash-768x578.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 372px) 100vw, 372px\" \/><figcaption>Photo by\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/photos\/v0HbU2CNJFs?utm_source=unsplash&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_content=creditCopyText\">Aaron Burden<\/a>\u00a0on\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/search\/photos\/headphones?utm_source=unsplash&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_content=creditCopyText\">Unsplash<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Such are the challenges of an\naccelerated program. If you want to earn a Master\u2019s degree in a year, then you\nought to make the requisite sacrifices. You have to \u201cpay your dues\u201d so to\nspeak. Most nights call for hours of reading, most of which a student cannot\ncomplete because he or she simply lacks the reserves of either time, energy, or\nattention span (or all three).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Might we be able to reduce a\nSI-MBA student\u2019s sacrifices while improving his or her learning outcomes? <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>A Possible Solution<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hypothetically, let\u2019s replace\nthree hours of reading per week (across all classes) by three hours of\nlistening to some form of audio media (primarily podcasts) that covers the same\n(or similar) material. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>SI-MBA students undergo 33\nweeks of full-time course work. This simple intervention could therefore save roughly\none hundred hours over the course of the program, doing the quick math. SI-MBA\nstudents could then apply those hundred hours toward networking, proactive planning,\nand restorative activities (sleep, perhaps!).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A few professors of the 2019\ncohort assigned podcasts for homework, though only as supplemental materials. Multiple\nprofessors assigned occasional TED Talks as mandatory material, but while videos\nmay require less mental effort for students to digest, I argue that they\ninvolve most of the same trade-offs as reading.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To explore this possible\n\u201csolution\u201d, I\u2019ll walk through three of the main advantages of audio media over\nreading and video:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Why Podcasts are More Effective Media than Books or\nE-Readings<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Podcasts Allow You to Multi-Task<\/strong><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>People have busy lives, which\nis why very few will read this blog post and even fewer will actually read\nevery word.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hundreds of pages of reading\n(assigned on most nights in the SI-MBA program) become quickly exhausting. This\nis probably why I did not hear a single student claim that he or she read every\nassigned reading \u2013 not even for a single class. Students therefore head into\nclass discussions having absorbed varying breadths and depths of the\npre-assigned material, which leads to disparities in discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Podcasts, by allowing students\nto multi-task (thereby preserving time and energy), could ameliorate such\nchallenges. To illustrate without belaboring this obvious point, here is just a\nshort list of activities that one might perform while listening to a podcast:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Driving<\/li><li>Walking<\/li><li>Cleaning<\/li><li>Exercising<\/li><li>[Literally anything that consumes time, but leaves mental\ncapacity idle]<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>In short, by listening to a\npodcast instead of reading, a student could complete homework while completing\nhousework, commuting to school, or doing a favorite activity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Reading Late at Night Harms Learning and Mental Health<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>In particular, digital\ne-readings, especially when read late at night (as is inevitable for SI-MBA\nstudents) can disrupt sleep \u2013 a fundamental prerequisite for learning. If\nyou\u2019re unconvinced, Matthew Walker proves this point in his book <em>Why We Sleep<\/em> (and more clearly than I\npossibly could).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Exposure to LED lighting at nighttime\nhas been shown to decrease melatonin production by up to 85%<a href=\"#_ftn1\">[1]<\/a>.\nLED lighting increases sleep latency (the time it takes one to fall asleep).\nThe lighting of the modern world \u2013 one of its major marvels \u2013 harms both\nquantity and quality of sleep, thereby increasing risk factors in every area of\none\u2019s health.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>By preventing quantity of REM\nsleep, exposure to LED lighting at night (even the light from a laptop, phone,\nor Kindle device) can reduce learning outcomes. REM sleep plays a primary role\nin both learning and maintenance of psychological stability<a href=\"#_ftn2\">[2]<\/a>. A\nreduction of REM sleep in particular reduce one\u2019s ability to acquire, consolidate,\nand retain information. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To make matters worse, other\nconsequences include higher risks of diabetes, obesity, cancer, and\nneurodegeneration<a href=\"#_ftn3\">[3]<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For a SI-MBA student, the\nalternative to late night e-reading may be hundreds of pages of printing, which\nhardly serves the philosophy of the program. If a student\u2019s goal is to be\nhealthy, happy, and informed, then the latter option may actually prove better.\nNeither is ideal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Verbal Communication is Older than Civilization<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The Gutenberg Revolution of\nthe printing press occurred in the 15<sup>th<\/sup> Century \u2013 merely 600 years\nago. Quick math indicates that this is roughly 0.3% of human history. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The point is that the\nGutenberg Revolution made writing widely available just six centuries ago.\nPodcasts and audiobooks have made speaking widely available for less than two\ndecades. We have read for a much smaller portion of our evolutionary history\nthan we have listened. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Which proves better for\nlearning and communicating? Text or audio? <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The debate continues as to\nwhether reading or listening proves better for comprehension, and the answer\nprobably depends on context. If you\u2019re listening to a podcast, for example,\nthen you\u2019re probably doing something else at the same time, and that something\nelse may prove distracting. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, activities like\nwalking and light exercise may even boost acquisition and retention of material<a href=\"#_ftn4\">[4]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The hypothesis remains to be\nproven or disproven, but it may be the case that consuming audio media during\nsome form of light activity boosts learning outcomes relative to reading.\nSomehow, we have to account for the recent growth of podcasts and audio books.\nThe underlying causes of a growth in audio media may not only be technological or economic, but also anthropological and\npsychological.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The Explosion of Audio Media<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For the first time in human\nhistory, to paraphrase Jordan Peterson, the reach of the spoken word far\nexceeds the reach of the written word, and exceeds it at an accelerating pace.\nTo illustrate this point, Joe Rogan, who runs a popular and top-rated podcast\ncalled <em>The Joe Rogan Experience<\/em>, claims\nto get nearly 100 million views per month across all platforms. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fastcompany.com\/40563318\/apples-podcasts-just-topped-50-billion-all-time-downloads-and-streams\">According to FastCompany<\/a>,\nthere are at least 500,000 active podcasts (and growing). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>One-third of people in the\nU.S. currently listen to at least one podcast per month<a href=\"#_ftn5\">[5]<\/a>. More\nstriking, they listen to whole episodes. Over 80% of respondents to one poll\nclaimed to listen to most or all of an episode<a href=\"#_ftn6\">[6]<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Perhaps most astonishing, annual\npodcast advertising revenues are projected to grow 10x from 2015-2020 (to\nnearly $700 million per year) <a href=\"#_ftn7\">[7]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Podcasts continue to grow for\nmany possible reasons, but perhaps mainly because the barriers to entry are so\nfew. They are extremely cheap to produce, costing anywhere from zero to a few\nthousand dollars to begin (that is, for the highest possible production quality).\nThe toughest hurdle of starting a podcast today is likely for its host to earn\ncredibility through earning quality guests (and vice versa). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I suspect that the future of\neducation will transition from text to audio media, and I\u2019d like to see SI-MBA\ntake a lead in that transition. One possible step toward doing so could\nactually be the launch of a SI-MBA podcast. A SI-MBA podcast would encounter\nnone of the key challenges outlined above. This program even meets such challenges\nwith its biggest strengths. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ideas for a SI-MBA Podcast<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the 2019 First Inaugural\nAppreciative Inquiry Summit, students brainstormed about what SI-MBA \u201ccould be\u201d\nby exploring and articulating the program\u2019s core strengths. As two of SI-MBA\u2019s\nmain strengths are network connections and the facilitation of high-level\ndiscussion, one of the more interesting seeds to sprout from the AI Summit was\nthe idea for a SI-MBA podcast. Others have raised this obvious possibility\nbefore, but the potential for such an idea remains dormant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Once again, the biggest\nchallenge of starting a podcast today is not financial cost, but the challenge\nof finding valuable guests to legitimize a platform. A SI-MBA podcast would see\nno such difficulty. Any combination of its professors and students alone could\nproduce interesting and enlightening discussions. Furthermore, SI-MBA\u2019s\nconnection to the most fascinating and productive leaders in Sustainable\nBusiness compares with no other program in the world. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Personally, one of my favorite\nparts of SI-MBA has been the opportunity to hear from \u201cLeaders in Residence\u201d\nsuch as Hunter Lovins and Mary Powell, in addition to other guest speakers like\nJeffrey Hollender and Ed Freeman. Their lessons were not only captivating to\nattend, but also practical and useful to apply. Through the platform of a\nSI-MBA podcast, the fascinating lives of such leaders could become instantly\navailable to anyone in the world with a smart phone. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Furthermore, the discussions\nhappening in and around the program\u2019s courses could become widely available.\nSI-MBA could effectively democratize its content to as many as possible, which\nremains the vision of its founders.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>One objection to this point\nmay be that students will no longer feel incentivized to pay tuition and join\nthe program (which would harm the financial \u201csustainability\u201d of the MBA). On\nthe contrary, I argue that the content of SI-MBA is hardly what adds the most\nvalue for students. SI-MBA students pay for its network, and for opportunities\nto solve problems in a hands-on environment with a community of likeminded\nfriends.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A podcast platform could actually\nenhance the credibility of SI-MBA, while engaging alumni, prospective students,\nand the general business world in the most important topics of sustainable\nbusiness. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Imagine a SI-MBA podcast\nhosting insightful discussions on the key topics in sustainable business\nstrategy, perhaps even connecting opponents in various debate formats. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Imagine this platform as a way\nto share the career successes and challenges of SI-MBA alumni. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lastly, imagine the best\nepisodes of a SI-MBA podcast being assigned as future homework, which students\ncould complete during downtime.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>In Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The transition to audio media\nfrom text as a primary means of acquiring information appears ongoing and\ninevitable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>How much time might we save\nfuture SI-MBA students by allowing them to complete homework while completing\nhousework or staying active? Could incrementally replacing readings with audio\nmedia improve the SI-MBA experience, the mental health of its students, and\nultimately, their learning outcomes?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Offering a caveat, listening\ncannot replace reading entirely, as reading is a prerequisite to writing, and writing\nis a prerequisite to clear and critical thinking. I hope that the thoughts\nabove prove clear and critical enough to suggest the potential of a SI-MBA\npodcast. \n\nSuch a platform for SI-MBA appears an unrealized opportunity that flows\nnaturally from the core strengths of the program. Several podcasts in\nsustainability have recently emerged, such as <em>The Impact Report<\/em> spawned from the Bard MBA. More immediately, if future\ncourses could replace some audio media in lieu of reading materials, then the\nlearning and mental health outcomes of SI-MBA students might improve.\n\n<br \/><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\" \/>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a> https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3047226\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=pwaWilO_Pig&amp;t=3s\">Matthew Walker on\nThe Joe Rogan Experience (Podcast)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a> https:\/\/www.psychologytoday.com\/us\/blog\/high-octane-women\/201205\/the-dangers-using-electronics-night-and-what-we-can-do-about-it<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a> https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/323140.php<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a> https:\/\/musicoomph.com\/podcast-statistics\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref6\">[6]<\/a>\nIbid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref7\">[7]<\/a>\nIbid.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This post was written by Andre Paul &#8217;19 The \u201cPains\u201d of a Sustainable Innovation MBA Student Capacities of time and energy fill up rather quickly for Sustainable Innovation MBA (SI-MBA) students, especially during finals week (and there are roughly eight finals weeks, or two per module, by my count). During the busiest weeks of SI-MBA, &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/si-mba\/2019\/05\/29\/an-invisible-problem-and-unrealized-opportunity\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;An Invisible Problem and Unrealized Opportunity&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4489,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[26210,26,427012],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1979","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-class","category-learning","category-student-life"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p8b9n0-vV","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/si-mba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1979","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/si-mba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/si-mba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/si-mba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4489"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/si-mba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1979"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/si-mba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1979\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1981,"href":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/si-mba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1979\/revisions\/1981"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/si-mba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1979"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/si-mba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1979"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/si-mba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1979"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}