The economy of Cuba was materially based in agriculture including sugar, tobacco, and cattle. The colony’s economy was built on extraction including the mining of copper. Enslaved Africans were brought to Cuba and served as the main source of labor alongside Indigenous people from Cuba.
Cuba was colonized by the Spanish in the 16th century under the leadership of Diego de Velazquez and lieutenant Hernán Cortés. The island was conquered in a violent matter and power and order was held in a similar manner. Those who attempted to escape or resist forced labor were often killed.
Christianity was the main ideological foundation of the colony as Pope Alexander VI commanded the Spanish to command and convert the pagans of the New World to Catholicism. This is how conquistadors justified their presence as bringing goodness to the colonized Cubans.
https://www.cubahistory.org/en/spanish-settlement.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Cuba#Spanish_conquest_and_early_colonization_(1492_-_1800)