{"id":8032,"date":"2015-02-16T11:50:35","date_gmt":"2015-02-16T16:50:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/?p=8032"},"modified":"2016-07-12T16:08:20","modified_gmt":"2016-07-12T21:08:20","slug":"the-ecology-of-syriankurdish-freedom","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/2015\/02\/16\/the-ecology-of-syriankurdish-freedom\/","title":{"rendered":"The ecology of Syrian\/Kurdish freedom"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Eco-theorists may recognize the title of this post as a variation on the title of Murray Bookchin&#8217;s audacious and\u00a0deeply\u00a0influential (for many, including myself) 1982 book <a href=\"http:\/\/www.akpress.org\/ecologyoffreedom.html\"><em>The Ecology of Freedom: The Emergence and Dissolution of Hierarchy<\/em><\/a> (<a href=\"https:\/\/libcom.org\/files\/Murray_Bookchin_The_Ecology_of_Freedom_1982.pdf\">pdf here<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>What&#8217;s little known to anyone following recent news about the war in Syria is that an 18,300 sq. km. region in the northwest of the country &#8212; the western Kurdish Rojava cantons, which include the ISIS-contested city of Kobane &#8212; has been\u00a0the site of a social experiment grounded\u00a0in eco-anarchist Bookchin&#8217;s ideas of revolutionary &#8220;social ecology&#8221; and &#8220;libertarian municipalism,&#8221; which\u00a0Kurdish leader\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abdullah_%C3%96calan\">Abdullah \u00d6calan<\/a>\u00a0has rebranded &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.freeocalan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/09\/Ocalan-Democratic-Confederalism.pdf\">democratic confederalism<\/a>.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>As Irish anarchist Andrew Flood <a href=\"http:\/\/anarchism.pageabode.com\/andrewnflood\/resources-rojava-revolution-kurdistan-syria\">describes it<\/a>, the Rojavan revolutionaries aim for nothing less than<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">&#8220;the development of &#8216;democratic, ecological, gender liberated society&#8217; in the shell of the existing society through co-operation between a political party taking power in elections (the BDP) and a parallel system of neighboorhood councils which would be really making the decisions. \u00a0All this as part of an overall body called the\u00a0Democratic Society Congress bringing together political parties, councils and civil society.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/_38eVyMfag0?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=en-US&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span><\/p>\n<p>In\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cvltnation.com\/anarchists-vs-isis-the-revolution-in-syria-nobodys-talking-about\/\">Anarchists vs. ISIS: The Revolution in Syria Nobody is Talking About<\/a>), Gareth Watkins compares the Rojava revolutionaries to\u00a0the Mexican Zapatistas of the 1990s and Spanish anarchist federations of the 1930s.<\/p>\n<p>Writing in ROARMag, Rafael Taylor <a href=\"http:\/\/roarmag.org\/2014\/08\/pkk-kurdish-struggle-autonomy\/\">details the connections between Bookchin&#8217;s thought and that of \u00d6calan<\/a>, who co-founded the PKK (Kurdish Workers&#8217; Party) and began to read Bookchin while in a Turkish jail cell in the early 2000s. With his <a href=\"https:\/\/www.academia.edu\/3983109\/Democratic_Confederalism_as_a_Kurdish_Spring_the_PKK_and_the_quest_for_radical_democracy\">democratic confederalism<\/a>, \u00d6calan explicitly aims to replace capitalist modernity&#8217;s \u201cthree basic elements: capitalism, the nation-state, and industrialism\u201d with a \u201cdemocratic nation, communal economy, and ecological industry.\u201d In practice, this has included a bottom-up form of organization featuring local decision-making assemblies with\u00a0a 40% gender (women&#8217;s) quota, popular &#8220;academies,&#8221; and &#8220;peace villages,&#8221; including the Van &#8220;ecological women&#8217;s village.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>In <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/blogs\/adamcurtis\/entries\/5a7b18b5-0ec3-3d3e-a307-54820a7c6a59\">Happidrome: Hierarchy in the UK, Anarchism in Kurdistan<\/a>, the BBC&#8217;s Adam Curtis contextualizes the Bookchin-\u00d6calan connection in the debate over Bookchin&#8217;s own eco-utopianism. The post features fascinating clips from a late 1960s documentary on utopia called <em>Towards Tomorrow<\/em>, which pits the technotopian thinkers Herman Kahn and B. F. Skinner against the eco-decentralist (and Bookchin inspiration) Lewis Mumford.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/zcomm.org\/\u2026\/joint-statement-of-the-academic-delegat\u2026\/\">A\u00a0recent\u00a0statement of support<\/a>\u00a0by a group of western visitors to Rojava includes anarchist anthropologist <a href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/commentisfree\/2014\/oct\/08\/why-world-ignoring-revolutionary-kurds-syria-isis\">David Graeber<\/a> and social ecologist (and Bookchin&#8217;s widow) <a href=\"http:\/\/new-compass.net\/publications\/democratic-autonomy-north-kurdistan\">Janet Biehl<\/a> as signatories.\u00a0Writing on the <a href=\"http:\/\/anarchism.pageabode.com\/\">Anarchist Writers<\/a> blog, Andrew Flood provides a <a href=\"http:\/\/anarchism.pageabode.com\/andrewnflood\/resources-rojava-revolution-kurdistan-syria\">very thorough\u00a0list of resources<\/a> on the Rojala revolution, which includes commentaries &#8212; both supportive and critical &#8212; by Graeber, Biehl, and many others.<\/p>\n<div class=\"_5pbx userContent\">\n<p>See also the <a href=\"https:\/\/rojavareport.wordpress.com\/\">Rojava Report<\/a>, the <a href=\"http:\/\/civiroglu.net\/the-constitution-of-the-rojava-cantons\/\">Social Contract (Constitution) of the Rojava Cantons<\/a>,\u00a0and <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rojava\">more background<\/a> on the region from Wikipedia. A documentary called\u00a0<em>Rojava: Syria&#8217;s Unknown War<\/em>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/topdocumentaryfilms.com\/rojava-syrias-unknown-war\/\">can be viewed here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>On Bookchin, who died in 2006 (in my current home city of Burlington, Vermont), it&#8217;s worth following the work of the Vermont-based\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.social-ecology.org\/\">Institute for Social Ecology<\/a>, which he established in 1974.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Eco-theorists may recognize the title of this post as a variation on the title of Murray Bookchin&#8217;s audacious and\u00a0deeply\u00a0influential (for many, including myself) 1982 book The Ecology of Freedom: The Emergence and Dissolution of Hierarchy (pdf here). What&#8217;s little known to anyone following recent news about the war in Syria is that an 18,300 sq. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":99,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[691215],"tags":[4468,123577,123578,4448,123583,123579,123580,123581,12622],"class_list":["post-8032","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-politics_postpolitics","tag-anarchism","tag-eco-anarchism","tag-eco-decentralism","tag-ecopolitics","tag-kurds","tag-libertarian-socialism","tag-murray-bookchin","tag-pkk","tag-syria"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p4IC4a-25y","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":8482,"url":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/2015\/11\/29\/the-rojava-experiment\/","url_meta":{"origin":8032,"position":0},"title":"The Rojava Experiment","author":"Adrian J Ivakhiv","date":"November 29, 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"Wes Enzinna's New York Times Magazine article on \"The Rojava Experiment\" finally gives mainstream recognition to what has been happening among the Kurds of northern Syria. As he writes, \"In accordance with a philosophy laid out by a leftist revolutionary named Abdullah Ocalan, Rojavan women had been championed as leaders,\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Politics&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Politics","link":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/category\/politics_postpolitics\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":8902,"url":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/2016\/07\/12\/assessing-murray-bookchins-legacy\/","url_meta":{"origin":8032,"position":1},"title":"Assessing Murray Bookchin&#8217;s legacy","author":"Adrian J Ivakhiv","date":"July 12, 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"Damian White has posted an excellent review\u00a0of Janet Biehl's book Ecology or Catastrophe: The Life of Murray Bookchin at the Jacobin blog. Bookchin's legacy has undergone something of a revival of late\u00a0thanks to the\u00a0efforts of Kurdish eco-socialist communitarians in Rojava. As he did in his 2008 book Bookchin: A Critical\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Eco-culture&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Eco-culture","link":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/category\/ecoculture\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":9316,"url":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/2017\/06\/23\/bioregionalism-primer\/","url_meta":{"origin":8032,"position":2},"title":"Bioregionalism primer","author":"Adrian J Ivakhiv","date":"June 23, 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"When I began my involvement with environmental politics in the 1980s, the main currents of radical or critical thought were represented by deep ecologists\u00a0(or biocentrists), social ecologists (gathered around Murray Bookchin and his Institute for Social Ecology), and ecofeminists, and they seemed more at odds with each other than united.\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Eco-culture&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Eco-culture","link":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/category\/ecoculture\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":10034,"url":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/2018\/12\/19\/rojava-at-risk\/","url_meta":{"origin":8032,"position":3},"title":"Rojava at risk","author":"Adrian J Ivakhiv","date":"December 19, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"I've posted here before about the Kurdish experiment in social-ecological-feminist radical democracy that's been unfolding in the unlikeliest circumstances in the northern Syrian region of Rojava. Donald Trump's sudden announcement of a complete U.S. military withdrawal from Syria now leaves that experiment extremely vulnerable... which puts anti-war* activists into an\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Politics&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Politics","link":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/category\/politics_postpolitics\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":1154,"url":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/2009\/11\/14\/nagarjuna-ecophilosophy-the-practice-of-liberation\/","url_meta":{"origin":8032,"position":4},"title":"Nagarjuna, ecophilosophy, &amp; the practice of liberation","author":"Adrian J Ivakhiv","date":"November 14, 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"John Clark\u2019s recent article in Capitalism Nature Socialism, \u201cOn being none with nature: Nagarjuna and the ecology of emptiness,\u201d has gotten my neurons firing in a productive way. Clark is a political philosopher whose book The Anarchist Moment had long ago excited me about the prospect of melding together a\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Eco-theory&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Eco-theory","link":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/category\/ecophilosophy\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"QCI%20045.jpg","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/files\/2009\/11\/QCI-045.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1030,"url":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/2009\/02\/22\/a-pretty-complex-history-of-sustainability\/","url_meta":{"origin":8032,"position":5},"title":"a pretty complex history of sustainability&#8230;","author":"Adrian J Ivakhiv","date":"February 22, 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"Every grad student in environmental studies (and related areas) should be quizzed on this map: The Complex History of Sustainability. Departments could be evaluated based on how well they cover the spectrum portrayed in it... Within reason, of course -- we don't really need an eco-Nazi, a global warming conspiracy\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Eco-culture&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Eco-culture","link":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/category\/ecoculture\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8032","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/99"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8032"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8032\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8044,"href":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8032\/revisions\/8044"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8032"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8032"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8032"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}