{"id":12965,"date":"2022-09-27T01:42:15","date_gmt":"2022-09-27T06:42:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/?p=12965"},"modified":"2022-09-27T02:13:06","modified_gmt":"2022-09-27T07:13:06","slug":"cinema-will-henceforth-be-godardian","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/2022\/09\/27\/cinema-will-henceforth-be-godardian\/","title":{"rendered":"Cinema will henceforth be Godardian"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>The work of Jean-Luc Godard, who passed away a couple of weeks ago through euthanasia at the age of 91, has always seemed to me to be about the possibilities of cinema as a form of thinking. Cinema&#8217;s combination of sound and image, constrained by the capacities of the medium but also <em>evolving<\/em> as those capacities have themselves evolved, presents possibilities for how we think about ourselves, the world, and the relationship between the two. This, for me, is the terrain within which Godard&#8217;s cinema was most innovative. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>All of this became more clear to me after I read Gilles Deleuze&#8217;s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?q=deleuze+cinema+1+2&amp;sxsrf=ALiCzsbtYZWWRNyTIc-5g7OFbzd_5lJvjg:1664176782025&amp;source=lnms&amp;tbm=isch&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjJgb7P9bH6AhWPRPEDHVBuByYQ_AUoAXoECAIQAw&amp;biw=1289&amp;bih=642&amp;dpr=2.2\">writings on cinema<\/a>, which essentially posit cinema <em>as<\/em> a form of thinking. (David Deamer&#8217;s recent <em><a href=\"https:\/\/edinburghuniversitypress.com\/book-deleuze-s-cinema-books.html\">Deleuze&#8217;s Cinema Books<\/a><\/em> is a brilliant exegesis of Deleuze&#8217;s writings on the topic.) And as I write this now, I feel I want to extend Michel <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/10.3366\/j.ctt1g052qn\">Foucault&#8217;s statement<\/a> about how the twentieth century may come to be <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dukeupress.edu\/a-deleuzian-century\">known as &#8220;Deleuzian<\/a>&#8221; to say that cinema&#8217;s twenty-<em>first<\/em> century will come to be known as &#8220;Godardian.&#8221; <\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<p>Even as Godard&#8217;s cinema changed, morphing from something challenging artistically, and later politically, to something more personally reflective (and sometimes self-indulgent), it always remained charged with a conceptual openness to the possibilities of the cinematic medium. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>His rapid-fire questioning and, ultimately, demolition of the conventions of commercial cinema (culminating in<em> <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/weekend-1967\">Weekend<\/a><\/em> and <em>La Chinoise<\/em>), his experiments with essayistic video in the 1970s and his return to cinematic art in the 1980s, and his epic sound-image montages &#8212; like those characterizing practically the entirety of the 266-minute long <em>Histoire(s) du cinema<\/em> (1989-98), as well as his last film, <em>The Image Book<\/em> (2018) &#8212; showed a relentless probing of the possibilities of what cinema can be. As such, they provide an archive of ways to make sense of the possible combinations of sound, image, and time, combinations that today surround us daily both on the internet and in material reality.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Scenes like this one, below, were among my favorites from Godard\u2019s early films. They feel different now, some forty years after I first watched them as an undergraduate student at York University (different for instance in the gendered inflections represented here). But the combination of storyline, visual metaphor, and whispered voiceover became a signature with Godard that he continued developing through to his final films.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/i0i8XR9Cztc?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=en-US&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Even the trailer from <em>The Image Book<\/em> conveys this notion of thinking with and through sounds, images, texts, and cine-historical quotations and gestures, with Godard&#8217;s own whispered, elliptical cogitations situating the entirety within a kind of &#8220;back of the mind&#8221; space. That the entire film is like this, its dense collages forcing the viewer to think, even as repeated viewings never quite enable a perfect coalescence of thoughts, is part of what I am getting at. In a sense, this is a training to think both with the ambiguity, and with the force and vitality, of the sonic and imagistic pieces of reality being presented to the viewer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/JAXMVkV3idE?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=en-US&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>In suggesting that cinema after Godard is &#8220;Godardian,&#8221; I don&#8217;t mean that it is Godardian <em>in its intent<\/em>: most film and media is still produced in order to create an effect of one kind or another (or several). What I mean is that cinema viewing is no longer a passive viewing of things made for us. Viewership in a digitally mediated world &#8212; a world of digital <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/books\/deleuzes-cinema-books\/preface-a-deleuzian-cineosis\/8493AA727E5755A6A268A0BF3DFFFFCE\">cineosis<\/a> &#8212; has become much more active, a cognitive-affective participation in a process of sense-making within a world of images, texts, and sounds presented to us as multiply and variably connected and disconnected fragments of world. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In other words, cinematic <em>viewing<\/em> has become Godardian, which is something that Godard anticipated. This doesn&#8217;t mean that most of us are very good at it, but all of us, <a href=\"https:\/\/reframe.sussex.ac.uk\/post-cinema\/6-1-ivakhiv\/\">swimmers in digital worlds<\/a>, are required to do it in one way or another. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>What Godard <em>wanted <\/em>to do with it, at least if the interpretations of Christopher Pavsek, James Williams, and Rick Warner (see below) are correct, is to provoke a kind of utopian deliberation on the world, a thinking that could serve as preamble to reconstructing the world along more just and humane lines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.screeningthepast.com\/issue-41-late-godard-dossier\/an-imaginary-africa\/\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.screeningthepast.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/Image-2-SM.png?resize=416%2C233\" alt=\"\" width=\"416\" height=\"233\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Godard&#8217;s relevance to ecocriticism is worth mentioning here as well. Among the places where his work has been analyzed from ecocritical perspectives (of one kind or another), I particularly recommend the following:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Daniel Morgan, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1111\/j.1467-8705.2009.01874.x\">The Place of Nature in Godard&#8217;s Late Cinema<\/a>,&#8221; <em>Critical Quarterly <\/em>51. 3 (2009).<\/li><li>Daniel Morgan, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ucpress.edu\/book\/9780520273337\/late-godard-and-the-possibilities-of-cinema\">Late Godard and the Possibilities of Cinema<\/a><\/em> (University of California Press, 2012).<\/li><li><span style=\"color: initial;, sans-serif\">Verena Andermatt Conley, &#8220;<\/span><a style=\", sans-serif\" href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1002\/9781118586815.ch26\">Godard&#8217;s Ecotechnics<\/a><span style=\"color: initial;, sans-serif\">,&#8221; in <\/span><em style=\"color: initial;, sans-serif\">A Companion to Jean-Luc Godard,<\/em><span style=\"color: initial;, sans-serif\"> ed. by Tom Conley and T. Jefferson Kline (Wiley, 2014).<\/span><\/li><li>Douglas Morrey, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/14715880.2018.1427181\">The Forest for the Trees: Political Contexts for Godard&#8217;s Nature Imagery in <em>Film socialisme <\/em>and <em>Adieu au langage<\/em><\/a>,&#8221; <em>Studies in French Cinema <\/em>19.1 (2018).<\/li><li>David Fresko, &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.sensesofcinema.com\/2022\/forms-that-think-jean-luc-godard\/nature-politics-in-godard-notes-towards-an-investigation\/\">Nature\/Politics in Godard: Notes toward an Investigation<\/a>,&#8221; <em>Senses of Cinema,<\/em> January, 2022. <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>And more generally on Godard&#8217;s mode of cinematic thinking and its utopian underpinnings, I have found these helpful:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Christopher Pavsek,&nbsp;<em><a href=\"http:\/\/cup.columbia.edu\/book\/the-utopia-of-film\/9780231160995\">The Utopia of Film: Cinema and Its Futures in Godard, Kluge, and Tahimik<\/a>&nbsp;<\/em>(New York: Columbia University Press, 2013).<\/li><li><span style=\"color: initial;, sans-serif\">James S. Williams,&nbsp;<\/span><em style=\"color: initial;, sans-serif\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sunypress.edu\/Books\/E\/Encounters-with-Godard\">Encounters with Godard: Ethics, Aesthetics, Politics<\/a>&nbsp;<\/em><span style=\"color: initial;, sans-serif\">(Albany: State University of New York Press, 2016).<\/span><\/li><li>Rick Warner,&nbsp;<em><a href=\"https:\/\/nupress.northwestern.edu\/9780810137370\/godard-and-the-essay-film\/\">Godard and the Essay Film: A Form that Thinks<\/a>&nbsp;<\/em>(Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 2018).<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>RIP, JLG. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>   <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The work of Jean-Luc Godard, who passed away a couple of weeks ago through euthanasia at the age of 91, has always seemed to me to be about the possibilities of cinema as a form of thinking. Cinema&#8217;s combination of sound and image, constrained by the capacities of the medium but also evolving as those [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":99,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[688745,689701],"tags":[425,710393,710394,228,16880,710391,8,710392],"class_list":["post-12965","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cinema_zone","category-media_ecology","tag-cinema","tag-cinematic-thinking","tag-cineosis","tag-deleuze","tag-godard","tag-jean-luc-godard","tag-media","tag-utopian-thinking"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p4IC4a-3n7","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":1217,"url":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/2010\/03\/14\/two-or-three-scenes\/","url_meta":{"origin":12965,"position":0},"title":"two or three scenes&#8230;","author":"Adrian J Ivakhiv","date":"March 14, 2010","format":false,"excerpt":"How \u00e0 propos: Today's Guardian's piece on The Greatest Film Scenes Ever Shot. What are your favorite scenes, your most indelibly etched screen memories, those \"tiny pieces of time\" as the article quotes James Stewart saying, that have remained with you ever since seeing them? (The comments open things up\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Cinema&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Cinema","link":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/category\/cinema_zone\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/e4LWwhFJoUw\/0.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1216,"url":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/2010\/03\/14\/cinema-ontology-ecology\/","url_meta":{"origin":12965,"position":1},"title":"cinema, ontology, ecology","author":"Adrian J Ivakhiv","date":"March 14, 2010","format":false,"excerpt":"I'm on my way this week to the Society for Cinema and Media Studies Conference in LA, where I'll be presenting, in miniature, the ecocritical\/ecophilosophical model of cinema that I'm developing in my book-in-progress. This \"process-relational\" model draws on Peirce, Whitehead, Deleuze, Bergson, Heidegger, and others, with inspirational nods to\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Cinema&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Cinema","link":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/category\/cinema_zone\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":1180,"url":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/2010\/01\/16\/ecology-deleuzetarkovsky-the-time-image\/","url_meta":{"origin":12965,"position":2},"title":"ecology, Deleuze\/Tarkovsky, &amp; the time-image","author":"Adrian J Ivakhiv","date":"January 16, 2010","format":false,"excerpt":"Gilles Deleuze's cinema books make for difficult reading, and if one is to make headway into them, it helps not only to know something about Bergsonian philosophy, Piercian semiotics, and the history of film, but also to have clips at hand of the films Deleuze discusses. Fortunately, Corry Shores has\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Cinema&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Cinema","link":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/category\/cinema_zone\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":1336,"url":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/2010\/09\/11\/assemblages-species-genres-cinema\/","url_meta":{"origin":12965,"position":3},"title":"assemblages, species, genres, &amp; cinema","author":"Adrian J Ivakhiv","date":"September 11, 2010","format":false,"excerpt":"(Warning: This is a long and involved post.) In reposting Steven Shaviro's critique of DeLanda's A New Philosophy of Society, Levi Bryant has reminded me of one of the impetuses (impeti?) that moved me to a Whiteheadian perspective. Steven's review is excellent, and it prefigured what eventually became his book\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Cinema&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Cinema","link":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/category\/cinema_zone\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":5470,"url":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/2012\/02\/17\/toward-an-ecophilosophical-cinema\/","url_meta":{"origin":12965,"position":4},"title":"Toward an ecophilosophical cinema","author":"Adrian J Ivakhiv","date":"February 17, 2012","format":false,"excerpt":"My paper for this year's Society for Cinema and Media Studies conference, coming up next month in Boston, will focus on the two films that got a lot of side-by-side attention at last year's Cannes festival, Lars von Trier's Melancholia and Terrence Malick's The Tree of Life. Since a few\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Cinema&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Cinema","link":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/category\/cinema_zone\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/files\/2012\/02\/39-275x116.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1267,"url":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/2010\/05\/20\/the-crystal-image\/","url_meta":{"origin":12965,"position":5},"title":"the crystal image","author":"Adrian J Ivakhiv","date":"May 20, 2010","format":false,"excerpt":"A couple of recent posts by Chris Vitale and Tim Morton have rekindled my thinking about Deleuze's crystal-image. Chris's interesting post is about the power of crowdsourcing and video detournement in delivering a more democratic form of media politics. Tim's brief posts share music videos and reflections on dark ecology\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Cinema&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Cinema","link":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/category\/cinema_zone\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/WDHJjLO8FQw\/0.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12965","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/99"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12965"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12965\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13003,"href":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12965\/revisions\/13003"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12965"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12965"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12965"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}